SCHISTOSOMIASIS MANSONI AS A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM IN THE SUS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE POPULATION OF THE COP 30 CAPITAL

Resumo

The capital of Pará is preparing to host the 30th UN conference on climate change (COP 30), to be held in Belém (PA), in November 2025. One year before the event, the capital's population still faces serious health problems public health such as Schistosomiasis mansoni. Surveillance and control of the disease in Belém is carried out through the municipal schistosomiasis control program (PMCE) which carries out parasitological examinations of feces through the active search for patients as recommended by the Ministry of Health and monitors the prevalence of the disease through the insertion of results based on the KATO-KATZ method. This study aims to determine which population groups are most affected by the infection and the territorialization of the disease in the last decade. Methods: This is a descriptive study of the epidemiological situation of schistosomiasis, which used secondary data from Schistosomiasis surveillance and control program (SISPCE) version 10.00 extracted from the field (pce_r13b) the parasitic load and prevalence of infection by sex and age group, as well as well as in the field, (pce_r11b) referring to coproscopy and treatment activities by location. These were made available through the Belém Municipal Health Department (SESMA) for the period from 2014 to 2023. He data were processed using the Epi-info software, version 3.01/2013. With the aim of analyzing the variables sex and age in relation to parasite infection, the Person chi-square test was used with a confidence level of 95% where it was relative risk is also calculated. SESMA authorized the release of data for this research through official document 18/24. Results: Over a 10-year period, a total of 41.495 tests were performed using the Kato Katz technique, of which 784 (1.89%) were positive for schistosomiasis infection. Of those infected, 596 (76.02%) were male and 188 (23.97%) were female. The analysis of the association between sex and infection revealed that male individuals had a relative risk 3.67 times greater than female individuals of contracting the disease, while for the age group of 10 to 45 years the risk is 2.86 when compared to the age group of 0 to 9 years. Schistosomiasis mansoni is present in 7 of the 8 administrative districts of Belém. Conclusions: Through the data obtained in this study, we can infer that schistosomiasis is present in almost the entire territory of Belém, especially in populated and peripheral neighborhoods where the population depends predominantly on Brazil’ s Unified Health System (SUS) services. In Belém, the prevalence of the disease is closely linked to insufficient engineering and public health works that were not able to interrupt the cycle of transmission of the disease.