Identificação e Modelagem Matemática da Variação de Temperatura da Água do Reservatório do Resfriador Evaporativo e Projeto dos Controladores Clássicos, tipo PID.

Resumo

The population growth imposes high rates of production and consumption of electric energy, as well
as the increase of the degradation of the Environment. These conditions drive research into the development of
more efficient machines and equipment. Further research is carried out with the aim of creating systems that are
alternative to existing ones, presenting lower energy consumption and that can produce a positive impact on the
Environment. The air conditioning equipment represents systems characterized by high consumption, as well as
by influencing the degradation of the ozone layer and greenhouse effect. Coolant fluids of the CFC type directly
influence the ozone layer, while the alternative HFC fluids, especially the R 407 C and the R 410 A, influence
the greenhouse effect and, consequently, global warming. An alternative system to the vapor compression cycle
conditioners, when used in hot and dry regions, may be the evaporative cooler. This system performs sensible
and latent heat exchange, which can present good results in the regions mentioned, as in the interior of the
Brazilian Northeast. In addition to providing a milder climate, the evaporative cooler features low power
consumption and may have a low acquisition cost. This work presents the mathematical model of reservoir water
in a new evaporative cooler model, differing from the commercial model because it does not have fins. The new
model also has an atomizer, consisting of a toothed disk coupled to a motor, whose function is to break the
molecule of water and spray it, allowing a greater and faster absorption of water by the air stream. The idea is to
use thermal waste, that is, to use water, whose temperature decreases as the system goes into operation, to cool
products and / or processes. For this, a prototype was created, in laboratory scale, having been instrumented and
prepared to monitor the temperatures and humidity of the air in the entrance and the exit of the prototype, as well
as a temperature sensor for the water to monitor and to collect the necessary data for modeling mathematics.