Preliminary model for evaluation of surgical guide in the periacetabular os- teotomy procedure through finite element evaluation, optimization in Ge- netic Algorithms and topological optimization

Resumo

It consists of a preliminary model to evaluate the surgical guide, a tool used in the periacetabular
osteotomy procedure, a highly complex surgery used in the correction of hip dysplasia. A code (”script”) capable of
generating static, simplified and two-dimensional models in finite elements in the software ”ABAQUS”, optimizing
parameters using Genetic Algorithms and performing topological optimization, was developed to evaluate the
guide. The parameters evaluated in the Genetic Algorithm are height of the guide, radius of the screw used to
fix the guide in the bone, distance of the screw in relation to the chisel, clearance between guide and chisel, and
inclination of the chisel. The topological optimization consists in changing the modulus of elasticity in regions
that present the lowest stress values. Through the results obtained, it was possible to minimize the maximum stress
in the guide, obtain better theoretical parameters for the procedure, and obtain a guide that fits better to the bone.
The results obtained through this preliminary study are good indications for the construction of an optimal guide
of great utility in the surgical procedure, in addition to serving as a basis for more complex studies.