Multi-Objective Optimization of Building Demolition

Resumo

It is estimated that a significant portion of the waste generated by the construction industry originates from demolitions, a trend expected to intensify as buildings constructed in the latter half of the 20th century reach the end of their life cycle and the need for reconstruction in the same urban centres becomes increasingly necessary. In this context, the dismantling of building components, with the specific aim of enabling their reuse and recycling, has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the environmental impact of demolition. However, for this approach to become a viable alternative, it is essential to evaluate multiple - often conflicting - aspects, such as cost, time and sustainability. To address this problem, multi-objective optimization algorithms provide an effective framework, as they enable the identification and analysis of optimal trade-off solutions. This study aims to implement a multi-objective optimization algorithm to evaluate the best demolition strategies for a case study, based on compromise points that consider these elements simultaneously. Multiple demolition scenarios are explored, taking into account the methods currently practiced in Brazil. The findings of this study highlight the potential of optimization techniques to advance demolition practices by supporting decision-making.